Friday, December 27, 2019

Abortion is a Murder Essay - 721 Words

A long on-going subject that has been greatly debated in our society is abortion. Many people argue that because the baby in the mother’s womb is not alive, aborting him or her is not considered a murder. However, others say that as the baby’s heart and brain are the first things to develop, the baby is technically alive and killing it would be a murder. As soon as the baby has a heartbeat, it has life. Abortion has many characteristics of a murder, including the killing of one human being by another, it’s unethical, and it is done without the consent of the person. Murder is often defined as the killing of one human being by another. Most societies consider murder to be the most serious crime that is righteous of the harshest and†¦show more content†¦Abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy that is often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy. As life begins at conception, unborn babies are human beings and thus have the rig ht to life. The federal Unborn Victim Of Violence Act that was made to protect unborn babies from murder states that anybody intentionally killing an unborn baby should be punished for killing a human being. Abortion is a murder because it is taking away someone’s life. Even though the baby isn’t born yet, the fetus in the mother’s womb still feels pain while being aborted. No person, not even a mother, has the right to hurt someone. To keep a child, who can’t even speak, from growing and from living is a murder. Abortion is tremendously unethical, just like murder is highly immoral. Many religions oppose the idea of abortion; Christianity considers abortion to be a sin under all circumstances; Hinduism considers abortion to be a form of violence. In addition, when the woman decides to have a sexual intercourse with a man without any proper use of contraception, she knows that pregnancy will result. If the mother did not want the baby in the first place o r if she could not take on the responsibility of the baby, then she should not get pregnant just to later on kill the unborn innocent child in her womb. Abortion can not only harm the baby, but can also cause physical and psychological damageShow MoreRelatedAbortion Is Murder1062 Words   |  4 Pages ABORTION IS MURDER â€Å"There are nearly 1.2 million abortions performed in the United States each year† (Operation Rescue, 2014). That was 1.2 million innocent lives that were ended before they even had a chance to begin. Abortion has been legal for decades now, and it is time to put a stop to all the murdering of unborn children. This senseless killing of an unborn child needs to be recognized for what it truly is, and that is legalized murder. Abortions should be made illegal in the United StatesRead MoreAbortion: Is It Murder?1524 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is an extremely controversial issue and one that many people can have very strong feelings for on both sides of the debate. Those who support abortion rights argue that it is a woman’s choice what to do with her body. Although, the unborn baby inside a woman is still a person living, and terminating that pregnancy is the same thing as murder. No one should have the choice to commit murder. Abortion is honestly wrong because t he laws prohibiting abortion help to keep people from playing GodRead MoreIs Abortion A Murder?3072 Words   |  13 Pages Abortion is Murder Numerous times throughout the past, a woman has wept herself to sleep or woke up in the middle of the night with horrible panic attacks that she cannot seem to overcome. She lives with such guilt and wonders what life would be like today if only she had made a different choice. Life is full of choices, and unfortunately people sometimes make choices that will haunt them for the rest of their lives. The saddest part is that many times we allow other people to influence the choicesRead More Abortion is Not Murder Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesAbortion is Not Murder Is abortion murder?   Murder is defined as illegal killing with malice aforethought. Abortion fails this definition for two reasons. First, abortion is not illegal, and second, there is no evidence to suggest that expecting mothers feel malice towards their own flesh and blood. Not all killing is murder, of course. Murder is actually a small subset of all killing, which includes accidental homicide, killing in self-defense, suicide, euthanasia, etc. When pro-lifeRead MoreAbortion Is Murder Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pages The topic of abortion is an extremely controversial issue in todays society, there are many separate views on the morality of it. Abortion is defined as the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy (â€Å"Abortion†). In other words, it is the murder of an unborn child. Throughout the past there has been several court cases related to abortion, in attempt to resolve the debate. For example, Roe v. Wade declared that unborn children are neither ‘persons’ nor are they entitledRead MoreAbortion: Murder or Necessity766 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion: Murder or Necessity Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo before it is viable. An abortion can occur spontaneously, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage, or it can be purposely induced. Abortion, when induced in accordance with the local law, is among the safest procedures in medicine. However, unsafe abortions (those performed by persons without proper training or outside of a medical environment)Read MoreAbortion Is Not The Murder Of An Infant1507 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent perspective on abortion. The first written works of Christianity states â€Å"You shall not kill the embryo by abortion and shall not cause the newborn to perish.† In the early Christianity, abortion was prohibited. The early church leader who had agreed on abortion stated: â€Å"that if an abortion was performed to hide the consequences of fornication and adultery, then it was a sin that required penance.† This lit the sp arks between Christians on whether abortion was considered a murder or not. â€Å"St.AugustineRead MoreShould Abortion Be Murder?868 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is Murder Have you ever lost a loved one or someone that meant a lot to you? If so, how did that make you feel? I’m sure you felt heartbroken or lost and you didn’t know what you were going to do. Imagine how you would feel if you were trying to bring a loved one into this world but you couldn’t. It wasn’t because you didn’t want to, it’s was because you were physically not able to. There are many women who want to have kids and make their family grow but because of their health issues theyRead MoreAbortion Is An Act Of Murder? Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pagesmother’s womb when the mothers decide to have an abortion. There is much controversy regarding abortion as a whole. Abortion is a procedure that terminates any pregnancy (Dictionary.com). When discussing abortion, some would say the beginning of life started once an infant took his or her first breath during delivery and others would say life began the second they were formed in its motherà ¢â‚¬â„¢s womb. Based on either viewpoint, is abortion considered an act of murder? A pro-abortionist considers life to beginRead More Abortion is Murder Essay506 Words   |  3 Pagesside of this argument says that abortion should be kept legal for cases in which the baby’s birth endangers the life of the mother. This is an argument that is basically trying to create sympathy among uneducated voters to try to woo them to the pro-choice side of the argument and to elect pro-choice politicians. This is a dirty trick because they are fighting a battle that has already been won, because even in pre-legalized times in states that prohibited abortion such as Texas there were exceptions

Thursday, December 19, 2019

William Shakespeare s Hamlet - The Framework Of Deceit

The Framework of Deceit Almost notably, the perception of madness and spying plays the most influential role in the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare. However, when looking closely at the play, it can be argued that the central theme of this tragedy is acting. How Shakespeare presents and lays out the actors and acting makes it a framework for madness and spying. Shakespeare points out the theme of in the dissimilarities of his characters, the deceits that individuals take for granted and the presentation of the `play within a play . This intertwined deception allows certain characters to manipulate the actions and thoughts of others such as Hamlet does. This tragedy is one great puppet show, I could see the puppets dallying. (Act III, scene II). The main character in this play Hamlet is most different compared to other characters because of his characteristics. What fascinates most audience and readers about Hamlet is that he s enigmatic. Other character can never figure out who Hamlet is as a person. Hamlet even says so himself to others such as his mother Gertrude, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. With Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, Shakespeare allows Hamlet s depression to surface of old friend s betrayal and love ones of his. Because it is so difficult to figure fully who he is and his thoughts, he makes a perfect actor that no one would suspect him of doing as he plays madness. Even if crossing from acting into madness, it would go unknown by the otherShow MoreRelatedGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesthe primary means through which the public gets to know these public figures, media coverage on them is justified †¢ More importantly, since it is important for the public to know whether or not the image that they portray is a faà §ade that hides deceit and socially-unacceptable behaviour, the private lives should remain subject to media scrutiny †¢ Does not mean that the media can lie about their private lives since the media is still subject to slander and libel suits that celebrities can fileRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Human Rights Violations In East Timor Essay Example For Students

Human Rights Violations In East Timor Essay HumanRights Violations in East TimorThe Portuguese first colonized the islandof Timor, of which East Timor is part of along with West Timor, in 1520. The next three centuries marked attempts by the Spanish, the Dutch, andthe British to colonize the island. These attempts were successful,but Portuguese sovereignty over East Timor was finalized due to treatiessigned in 1860 and 1893. Later, during World War I, Timor became underthe control of the Japanese, until the Portuguese once again regained possession. However, in 1975, political movements and civil war broke out causing so-calleddisappearances, executions, violence, crimes against humanity, and otheratrocities. Twenty-five years later, in 1999, atrocities still exist inEast Timor. The next three centuries marked attempts by the Spanish, the Dutch, and the British to colonize the island. These attempts were successful, but Portuguese sovereignty over East Timor was finalized due to treaties signed in 1860 and 1893. Later, during World War I, Timor became under the control of the Japanese, until the Portuguese once again regained possession. However, in 1975, political movements and civil war broke out causing so-calleddisappearances, executions, violence, crimes against humanity, and other atrocities. Twenty-five years later, in 1999, atrocities still exist in East Timor. Portugal ruled the colony with a ruthless and brutal regime during the years before WWI. Despite attempts to bring peace to the island by breaking up the local kingdoms, the people did not change their lifestyles. Though people attempted to rebel against Portuguese rule, their attempts were crushed. The Japanese took over the island in 1941. Following the takeover, a small group of Allied troops with support from the natives waged guerilla warfare against the occupiers. While the successes of the Allies were great, over 60,000 natives, almost 13% of their population, lost their lives. ( easttimor.com) After the War, the Portuguese fascist regime ruled the island as before. However, in 1974, the fall of the dictatorship completely changed the mentality on the island. Three main political parties emerged, each having its own goals. The UDT (pro Portugal) and the ASDT (pro Independence) formed a coalition and the ASDT became what is called as Fretilin. The other party, Adopedti (pro Indonesia) had little support in East Timor, but was backed by the military regime of General Suharto in Indonesia. Soon after, the UDT withdrew from the ASDT, and they staged a coup against the ASDT and Fretilin in the capital city of Dili. Fretilin opposed the coup, conquered the UDT forces, and set up their own government. The Indonesian army invaded the town of Batugade in December of 1975, causing more conflict. After the fall of Batugade, Fretilin declared independence, and the Indonesian army invaded Dili on the 7th December. This takeover was violent and the Indonesian Army executed thousands of civilians. More than 10% of the population of Dili were killed in the first four months, with a death toll nearing between 60,000 100,000 lives. ( easttimor.com ) During the invasion of Dili in December 1975, the Indonesian army committed horrible acts towards civilians. Apparently, according to Amnesty International, there are dozens of reports that tell of indiscriminate killings as the soldiers came into Dili. Civilians were rounded up like cattle as most were shot execution style, while others were apparently tied to poles and thrown into the ocean. Estimates of the death toll report that at least 10% of the capitals population was murdered. Once the United States, Europe, and Australia gave backing to Indonesia, any resistance to them was crushed. The atrocities never stopped from there. Entire villages were enclosed and the population was either executed or transported to camps. These camps were like prisons, the people couldnt even grow their own food, which is what they have relied on their entire lives. Thousands of people starved in these camps. Villages were even subjected to chemical weapons that destroyed their crops and poisoned their water. On November of 1991, a massacre by the army of peaceful protesters in Dili was videotaped and broadcast around the world. This massacre soon became known as the Santa Cruz Massacre, after the cemetery where the massacre took place. Ensuing investigations revealed that at least 270 people, most of whom were children, were killed and that many others were imprisoned, tortured, and executed in the following weeks. The Santa Cruz massacre caught the attention of the world and brought up questions of the human rights situation in East Timor. Babe Ruth EssayIn 1993, the UN Human Rights Commission passed a decree condemning Indonesia. After this decree, numerous organizations visited the country and decided that the human rights situation was intolerable. However, these were short-lived and basically accomplished nothing. Since 1991, killings have continued, while harassment, torture, and imprisonment of suspected opponents of Indonesian rule occurs everyday. The last few years have seen a growing amount of tension between the people of East Timor and the thousands of Indonesian migrants living there. These tensions have resulted in occasional outbreaks of violence between the two groups. Within two months ago, according to the East Timor homepage, twelve pregnant East Timorese women, seeking shelter in refugee camps, had their throats .

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Reflection on 12 Angry Men Essay Example

Reflection on 12 Angry Men Paper Reflection on 12 Angry Men When the scene is introduced, the twelve men are discussing how to sentence someone who may have committed murder in the first degree. However, we quickly realize that all of the men have different things going through their mind and even more complicated ways of expressing them. Jack Warden is a baseball enthusiast who has no regard for other people’s opinions or Henry Fonda asking the jurors to discuss what occurred. He lacks emotional self-perception which can be seen when he discusses baseball with the jurors while having no regard for their knowledge on the sport. Jack also lacks congruency when he changes his vote of ‘guilty’ to ‘not guilty’ just because the majority vote was ‘not guilty’. He also lacks empathy when he insults Voskovec’s immigration history just because Voskovec asked if he knew was â€Å"reasonable doubt† was. George Voskovec is a foreign watch maker. In the beginning his vote is ‘guilty’ but other than this he does not have much to say at first. He shows healthy self-esteem as he is aware of his limitations as a non-native English speaker but still corrects those around him for being wrong. Voskovec demonstrates flexibility when he starts to question the occurrences leaving room for the possibility that his decision of ‘not guilty’ may be wrong. He also shows emotional self-control when he confronts Ed Begley’s lack of manners. Ed Begley is a garage owner who happens to have a cold during the movie. He demonstrates little respect when he mocks Henry Fonda for disagreeing with the others in the vote for ‘guilty’ and tries to change the subject at the slightest opportunity. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection on 12 Angry Men specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection on 12 Angry Men specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection on 12 Angry Men specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Begley also lacks emotional self-control when he expresses his point of view by yelling and shows no regard for the emotions of others when he insults the slums. Henry Fonda is an architect who from the beginning of the movie leads the situation by having doubts as to the proper verdict for the case and questioning the others. He is initiative when he asks the men to discuss the case in further detail. Fonda shows that through teamwork they can all agree on what is right and he slowly persuades the jurors to vote ‘not guilty’ with his influence. Of all the jurors, he is more aware not only of his self but the situation and those around him. Joseph Sweeney is the oldest man present during the movie. He is the most attentive to details of all the jurors. Sweeney is very empathic when he tells his account of the old man who was a witness, by focusing on the witness’s body language he can tell that the man was lying. He also shows flexibility in voting ‘not guilty’ just so Fonda can continue expressing his doubts. Robert Webber is in the advertising business and has glasses. He does not show authenticity when he changes his mind from ‘guilty’ to ‘not guilty’ and back again just because he feels pressure from Cobb. Webber also does not show to have the common purpose in mind or be aware of the gravity of the situation when he proposes resolving it like they do in his job by joking around. Lee Cobb is the owner of a messenger service. He lacks many of the characteristics Shankman and Allen bring up in the readings. Cobb shows no emotional self-perception or self-control. This can be seen in the many accounts where he disrespects someone by insulting them or just by yelling in general. He quickly loses the respect of the jurors because of his method of communicating. Jack Klugman is from the slums and does not really say much during the movie. He lacks initiative in participating in the group discussion. Klugman does not want to develop any sort of relationship with the jurors. John Fiedler is a bank teller who tends to just go with his feelings and never really has a valid explanation for his actions. Despite not agreeing with Fonda in the beginning, Fiedler shows flexibility and optimism in doing what is right. He is also somewhat empathic when he tries to put himself in the defendant’s position so that he can better understand what happened, in hopes of finding out the truth. Martin Balsam is a foreman and is the juror in charge of leading the discussion. He lacks initiative to make the jurors collaborate as he tells them they can do whatever they want in regards to reaching a verdict. Towards the end of the movie, he attempts to develop a relationship and be transparent by opening up to Fonda and telling him a story. Edward Binns is a house painter. Throughout the whole movie, he shows respect for the other jurors by listening to their point of view and also by defending certain ones who got verbally attacked at one point or another. He also questions Fonda’s intentions but keeps himself open to the matters being discussed showing his flexibility and willingness to collaborate. E. G. Marhsall is a stock broker who also wears glasses. He lacks honest self-understanding when he assumes that he can remember anything recent and thinks the defendant is lying about being at the movies. Marshall also lacks authenticity as he tries to set himself apart from others by claiming he does not sweat. Fonda influences this point of view, however, when he makes Marshall be empathic with the female witness who also wore glasses.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design

A conflict in any organization occurs when there is an involvement of many parties in duty performance. This happens because the parties concerned have different goals and interests to accomplish. In many organizational structures, different conflicts may arise such as fund allocation, terms of employment, retrenchments and promotions.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This mostly occurs when one business is liable to another, such as the government or business partners. The directors and stakeholders of the firm are in charge of decision-making. The employees implement the decision with the help of supervisors or departmental heads. This usually depends on the organizational structure of the individual entity. The structure divides the firm into elements of similar abilities and skills. These elements may include accounts, h uman resource, and production departments. Firms must always avoid conflict of interest since they cause operational problems (Learmonth, 2006). A conflict may arise when a given department performs better than the others in service delivery to their customers regardless of the underlying drivers. The management will put more effort into this department, and allocate more funds to improve its performance. This creates a conflict of resource allocation since more reflects towards the most delivering department and management may overstate the allocations. More personnel shift to this department and may bring about the conflict among the employees and management, caused by allocation through relations and nepotism. Employees expect the management to give promotions to personnel within the organization. Conflicts arise when a person from outside the business entity takes a position at top management levels (Ury Fisher, 1998). Businesses also lay off employees in order to decrease expe nses. A conflict arises as to which employees to send off. Conflicts of interest also arise from the employee and management duties, where each of them requires jobs to meet deadlines as well as fairness to the employee, so as not to overload them and maintain timing. The organization at which I work is the Carolina Center for Behavioral Health. This institution has conflicts between physicians and clients because it is necessary for numerous interactions to occur between the patient and doctor for better service delivery. This, in turn, causes conflicts to arise from differences in personal expectations, responsibilities and insufficient resources, which are scarce.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conflicts in this institution also arise from among the physicians, the management team and physicians and between other professionals and the physicians (Hellriegel Slocum, 2010). There arises competition for the scarce resources in the entity, and as to whether personal physicians can act as referrals or which would be the best source of their decision-making. This deteriorates the trust among physicians in resource allocation since the most salient issues is not aligned. Conflict resolution occurs through the correction of differences between the parties involved. A conflict may be positive or negative. Negotiation as a method of conflict resolution involves creating a gap between people and the problem, generation of ideas that give options, following interests, laying out of goals and objectives, and using gains to define success. An integrative approach allows the discovery of mutual gains and fair standards for decision making on challenging issues. It uses several stages to resolve conflict between the parties. First, the parties lay down their similar goals that led to the conflict. They then remove the personalization of the problem and make it professional as per the situation. A study on the driving factor occurs in the demand brought in by an interest. The parties then use creativity to bring mutual gain options that bring satisfaction to all that improves the situation. This happens using the facts and data analysis as the nature of the physician profession (Hellriegel Slocum, 2010). In order to implement the negotiation strategy to resolve a conflict, the physicians have to put into consideration various factors. The committee formed has to be free of conflicts by ensuring that all members are aware of their roles and to whom the decision-making role lays. The parties whom the conflict concerns should be the sole members of the committee and it should involve physicians with rich information on the issue at hand.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In any me dical institution, Evidence based management should be instituted since it deals with facts for decision-making. This arose since there are many differences between physicians such as culture and decision making processes used. Managers and students in health care institutions receive education on evidence based management practices. Managers are diverse and dynamic because of their wide scope of knowledge that enables them to be reliable in making judgments. Evidence based management requires careful and thorough analysis of data used for decision-making that staff record on the organizational functioning. It requires managers to share and record problems through a wide range of research and experiments before making decisions. This gives them time to discuss the problem related facts and a choice on the best research analysis by managers and employees. Evidence based management should be instituted at all levels of the organization structure. All new and old members of staff shoul d be trained on how to use massive research to come up with decisions. This will ensure that the whole institution at large embraces the use of evidence-based management. Physicians should use facts from previous research to administer drugs to their patients and make new experiments before giving prescriptions on new cases. This will boost the overall credibility of the institution to its clients and stakeholders. The staff in the organization move into the community of concern for their patients come from and collects data on issues affecting them. This can be conducted using cheap experiments that the organization can afford. It also requires that the institution acquire a license granting it permission to collect public data. The management should be flexible to accept junior staff facts that will assist the institution to deliver quality services to its clients. When a decision takes position, experiments occur to prove the decision’s efficiency to work. This practice en sures that decisions made are effective and that only the best methods used in conducting a given activity.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also removes the use of believers to administer professional services and reduces the risk of drawbacks from work done by the use of latest experiment results. Physicians should ensure that the cure to a given problem is appropriate and that it has minimal side effects (Hellriegel Slocum, 2010). The management should institute evidence-based management by demanding evidence from the physicians on decisions made. The physicians should be discouraged from using experience knowledge to administer drugs and prescriptions to patients. This goes hand in hand with the use of personal information from own ideologies that emanate from own experiences or those of close relatives. The staff and management should also eliminate their personal preferences that market drugs from companies believed to be the best. The experiments should prove which drugs are best for a given ailment. The market forces of demand and supply should neither be a factor in making a choice in the administration of s ervices nor the desire to follow known professional’s decisions. The managers should embrace originality from all staff members regardless of their rank. This ensures that promotions rewarded to personnel create equality, thus promoting equity in the firm and preventing conflict opportunities. Creative decision-making involves selection of an action plan from many alternatives to arrive at a solution through generation of many ideas. It makes use of critical thinking, open mindedness and the desire to explore new discoveries from any source. It involves laying out objectives systematically, evaluation of alternative course of action and selection of the best action plan. It prevents the management from bias by their personal interests in a given issue that physicians are handling. This process is difficult since it is time consuming to come up with a solution. This may cause the managerial team not to exhaust all the merits and demerits of the proposed solutions thus, the bes t alternative is implemented. Creative decision-making process involves a series of processes. The first step is lying out of goals and objectives. This presents a focus on the expected outcome to the managerial team. The institution secretary makes the records in the minutes of the meeting. The decision makers then gather data through collection methods such as questionnaires, observation and sampling. This involves using supervisors and departmental heads to issue out the questionnaires or observes the employees, depending on the preferred data collection method chosen. The third step involves bringing the collected data together. Solutions emanate from the data to increase the scope from which to choose. An analysis of each solution and the merits and demerits of each follows. In the next step, the managers choose the solution that has the most merits and lay off those that have more demerits than merits. The management thus makes a decision follow the best alternative. An action takes place through implementing the chosen solution into the problem. It involves communication of the procedures to follow to the members of staff, directions and guidelines. The management then observes the effect of implementing the chosen solution through demanding of reports from the members of staff (Cummings, 2009). Creative decision-making involves the use of several methods to arrive at the solution. The consensus method uses group work to project the most preferred solution to an organizational problem. It is the best fit for use by institutions and organizations. The systematic method involves the detailed evaluation of all possible action plans one at a time to arrive at the best. The individualistic method of decision-making occurs when only an individual comes up with the solution. The limited procrastination method uses time to sharpen its facts. The decision occurs after a long time has expired, so that all facts pop out and the situation analyzed for effective dec ision-making. The intuitive method of making decisions occurs immediately after problem identification. Professions such as physicians use it in development of an immediate and urgent solution. The health institution environment does not have a highly competitive market for being a private firm. The private firm values its customers by providing the best services to them in exchange of high profit returns. This ensures that there is a stable environment to the market forces from competitors and suppliers. The customers’ needs and availability of resources to cater for the will influence the organization structure. The best structure to the health institution would be formal, since flexibility limits occur through the physician’s responsibility to the client. A more horizontal organization design or matrix structure would be useful according to the health institutional business strategy. This is because the staff in the health center divides according to the skills they have to tackle their clients. References Cummings, T. (2009). Organization Development and Change. London: Routledge. Hellriegel, D., Slocum, J. W. (2007). Organizational behavior. New York: Cengage Learning. Learmonth M. (2006). Evidence-Based Management: The very idea. Journal of Public  Administration. 84 (2), 245- 266. Ury, W. Fisher, R. (1998). Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In.  New York: Penguin Books. This case study on Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design was written and submitted by user Brady W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Research Paper on Skateboarding

Research Paper on Skateboarding Life is full of adventures and surprises. Being able to find out what you do best is very exciting. Many people work at jobs they hate, and some people live the life of their dreams. Considering that I don’t want to become a person doing something that they dislike for the rest of their lives, I have already found what I love to do and what I will do for the rest of my life. Skateboarding is very challenging, and I always like a challenge. Whether it’s learning a new trick or doing a trick over an obstacle, it’s all challenging. Trying to learn new tricks is hard, but in the end, it is never regretted. Landing new tricks was the most fun; however, it took lots of patience and work. After landing tricks, or just skating around, you start to make new friends. A lot of people notice you if you land a big trick, and then you start to get noticed. Even if you don’t skate big obstacles, you still make friends. Every time I go skate, I prepare myself for the new challenges, tricks, and friends to meet because skateboarding is a way of life. Skating alone is very hard; furthermore, making friends helps a lot. Making friends is a must, and it is very easy. Everybody is pretty much friends with everybody. Age doesn’t matter, because we all have one thing in common, which is skateboarding. No one has to be the same age to have fun with someone else doing the same thing. I have friends that are 7 years old to 30 years old, and neither one is more important than the other; however, sometimes the older skaters can drive you around to other skate spots, but that still does not make anybody more valuable than another. I can just film somebody else, help somebody else, or applause for someone when they land a trick, and a friend is made. Skateboarding brings a lot of people together. Just riding around on your skateboard is fun; however, learning to do some tricks is a lot more fun. That is exactly what I do everyday when I go skating. This makes skating so much more fun. Learning new tricks can be hard, but in the end, it’s very much worth it. When I first started skateboarding, I learned an ollie, which is the very first trick you learn because it is the most basic and is used to learn every other trick. From there, I would just watch skateboard videos and try to learn from the pros. Until I could do a trick, trying to figure out how they did it was the hard part, but when I finally found out how it was done I would become excited and try to land it for hours. Whenever I would land the trick, I’d become very proud of myself and practice the trick more. When you land a trick you have never done before, it forces you to want to learn more. After you learn a trick you can show it to friends and show off if you wanted to. It’s just so much fun to learn new tricks. New tricks can be made up or you can just learn tricks that have already been made. Skateboarding has an endless possibility of tricks to be made. There are just so many variations of one trick, or sometimes you can mix two or more tricks together and you just go crazy with it. When you learn new tricks, you can bring those tricks to new obstacles which make skateboarding even more fun. While learning new tricks, of course, there are harder ones and easy ones. That is what makes skateboarding challenging. Once you learn a trick, you usually will take it up a notch and try it down a bigger stair set, or try a bigger handrail. When you have friends around it helps to get you pumped up; however, sometimes you can get nervous if too many people are around because you don’t want to fall and embarrass yourself, but its all part of skateboarding. I love to try new tricks on new obstacles, because when you land it, feel like you are the best and you can learn anything. The challenge makes it harder; moreover, also makes it more worth it when you land it. If there was no challenge, then it would get boring For instance, once you learn a kickflip, you will be happy that you can land it on the flat ground. Later on, it will get boring, and also get very easy, so then you would try it down maybe a 4 stair. That makes it harder because you have to catch the trick in midai r and keep it underneath your feet. When you land, the impact is much greater; furthermore, you will need more balance when you land and you have to be ready to absorb the impact. Just picking myself up and trying to land the trick over and over makes you want to land it more and when you do, the feeling is indescribable. Anything is possible in skateboarding. I always keep these words in me, â€Å"Where there is a will, there is a way†; because it helps me realize that you can overcome any challenge that is blocking your way. Trying to become the best of your ability is the most fun, yet is also the hardest challenge there is. Just being able to keep making skateboarding harder and giving yourself a challenge once in a while is fun. Discovering skateboarding was the best thing that has ever happened to me. I started skateboarding, because I loved it, and that’s how you progress, loving what you’re doing. The days that I don’t skate I am preparing myself for the effort it takes to pick myself up and try a trick over and over again till I land it. I think when you land a trick, that is what keeps you going in skateboarding; likewise, makes you want to go pro, or make you want to go even further in skateboarding. It makes you go beyond your natural abilities and make friends along the way. Just being able to jump on your board, make new friends, do whatever you want to do, no one telling you what to do or when to do it, and knowing when you land a new trick, you conquered your board, your board didn’t conquer you.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Once a top executive realises that no matter how hard he struggles for his organisation, all he will receive is his fixed salary, the performance levels of the executive will begin to recede. The removal of incentive is effectively the removal of motivation on the job for such positions. It must also be realised that when such executives join office their primary motivation is the challenge posed by the new position. Once an executive figures out how to manage the new position, the real motivation begins to disappear from the job. In order to keep motivation on the job to a high level, it would be desirable to use a fixed and variable pay structure to serve as the executive’s motivation. On another note, this pay structure aids in ensuring that the executive treats his job more seriously than before because his financial stakes are involved with the performance of the organisation. While it may be considered as cumbersome by some top executives but this model ensures that the organisation pays the executive back in proportion to their

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Helen Levitt's Images of Urban Space in the 30s and 40s Essay

Helen Levitt's Images of Urban Space in the 30s and 40s - Essay Example In what way do challenge that tradition? Helen Levitt was a renowned photographer in New York that was especially famous for her interest in street photography that specifically focused on children. Her focus on children developed while she was an art teacher back in 1937 and she had close interaction with the transition children experienced while in the New York streets. Due to her closeness and sometimes working relationship with some other highly rated photographers, Levitt was mentored by photographers such as Walker Evans, and some traits of her work seem to be borrowed from some of her mentors. This first section of the paper will look at one of Levitt’s best-known and appreciated untitled photographic work that would be referred to as Children in New York City for purposes of reference (Levitt, 3). The photograph Children in New York City represents three children, notably two boys and one girl at the doorway of what is believed to be their household. The masks they ado rn depict that it is Halloween time, a tradition observed on 31st October on the night preceding All Saints’ Day. At the bottom stair to the doorway is a boy adorning a jacket, a pair of shorts and with a relaxed stance of crossed legs while holding the staircase rail. He is masked and looks out on the street. The child in the middle is also a masked boy that has his legs on two different levels of the stairs, one where the bottom boy is and one where the other child stands. This boy is wearing long pants with seemingly a matching top. At the top is a girl with a dress trying to put on her mask in a bid to join the others. The building is made of brick evidenced by the appearance on the right of the viewer, with a glass-paneled door seeming to reflect the opposite side of the streets. Superficially, this photograph could be dismissed off as simply showing children that were getting ready for a possible trick or treat practice during the Halloween celebrations. However, there is more of the photograph than appears to the eye. This is one aspect of photography that Levitt seems to have borrowed from one of her greatest mentor, Walker Evans, who thrived to do photography that was educative, inspiring and authoritative. A deeper look and interpretation could derive more than what meets the eye of Levitt’s photography. In as much as the tone of the attire reflected an innocent desire of the awaiting excitement, rather exuberance, for the three children, the positioning of the kids on the stairs and the state of their masking shows a transition that would pass by many viewers. Only a portrait of the awaiting fun moment would pass most minds. However, this is still a fundamental depiction that reflected the enthusiasm that existed in the late 1930s during such festivals. The other perspective of the photograph depicts how isolation of kids at a young age would lead them astray in the absence of the responsible caretakers. Exposure of the children to var ious grown aspects of life might have taught them already too much than their age limits allow. The various steps down the doorway could reveal the various stages the children undergo in their transition from innocent life to a completely dishonest life most adults led. The furthest child from the doorway indicates complete alienation from the caretakers or rather parents and his composure with fully worn masks depicts acceptance into a deceitful world. The cunning look towards the

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 53

Nursing research - Essay Example Consequently, this approach of conducting shifts handover, and the eventual participation of students in their care improved patients’ satisfaction in the care provided in my work place.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Communication is a crucial component in the contemporary society. In an organizational setting, programs cannot succeed without proper communication among the people involved in working to implement the programs. In line with this, it is essential for hospital leaders to ensure that they provided an environment that enhanced effective communication in order to ensure that the programs were implemented in a seamless approach. Importantly, it should be noted that communication involves many factors with feedback being an critical component of communication. In this case, feedback helps the two people communicating understand whether the message was passed effectively, which should be reflected in the way that the activity is

Friday, November 15, 2019

Does Class Size Matter?

Does Class Size Matter? Does class size affect a students performance in school? Both sides could be argued upon, but neither would win without the proper evidence defending their side. Here is the evidence to put this debate to rest, class size does affect academic performance. Smaller class for a student as well as for teachers are a good thing. Research supports the common-sense notion that children learn more and teachers are more effective in smaller classes. (General OneFile) Its common sense that smaller class are more effective for students to learn and teachers to help their students. The larger the class, the least likely it is for the teacher of the class to give every student the help they need. For a student to be able to succeed the teacher has to be able to help them until they understand on their own enough to handle it by themselves. The more the teacher is able to help, the more they learn and the more they learn, the more they will achieve in their futures. Studies have shown that small classes have a beneficial effect on the academic achievement of children from low-income families and those learning English as a second language (ESL). These are the students that the majority of educators are increasingly dealing with. Not only were small classes studied, but large ones as well. The findings show that overcrowded classrooms are associated with lower student achievement as confirmed by reading and mathematics competency tests. (Robert J. Rios) Test scores show that smaller classes are effective at bettering achievements of low income and minority students. Smaller classes help low-income and minority students learn better as well as faster. Larger classes are could be very harmful to students both educationally and financially. The evidence suggests that increasing class size will harm not only childrens test scores in the short run, but also their long run human capital formation. Money saved today by increasing class sizes will result in more substantial social and educational costs in the future. (Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach) Raising the size of a class will effect a students test scores as well as hurting them in the long run money wise. Saving money now by increasing class size now will hurt the student in the long run. Its not good for the schools to cut cost now by making class sizes bigger, to effect the student later by having to spend more money to get where they needed to be in the first place. Class size is an important determinant of student outcomes, and one that can be directly determined by policy. All else being equal, increasing class sizes will harm student outcomes. (Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach) Incr eased student numbers in universities coupled with reduced resources have often resulted in larger class sizes, thus encouraging a reversion of the traditional style of delivery and a reduction in small group and tutorial contact in short, less interactive teaching and learning. (William Duncan Papo) By increasing student class sizes in schools to reduce resource use has often resulted in the reduction of interactive teaching and learning,ÂÂ   you would be decreasing the time that the students could possibly need with the teacher, but not being able to have because there would be too many students to get that opportunity. Raising class size could potentially hurt a students outcomes of achievement educationally. [If you use endnotes, they should be on a separate page, at the end of your text and preceding the list of works cited. If you use footnotes, consult your professor for preferred format.] Class Size Change From Elementary to High School Average Class Sizes: Elementary Class Size Middle School Class Size High School Class Size Average Class 21 16 17 Source: https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/sass/tables/sass1112_2013314_t1s_007.aspAs you see class size greatly effects a student academically as well as capitally. Policymakers should take into account the facts that students learn better and fast in smaller classes where the teacher can get to all her students. Works Cited Bonesronning, Hans. Class Size Effects on Student Achievement in Norway: Patterns and Explanations. Southern Economic Journal 69.4 (2003): 952. General OneFile. Web. 9 Feb. 2017. Class-Size Reduction: Better Than You Think. PRWeb Newswire 18 Feb. 2014: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 7 Feb. 2017. Guillemette, Yvan. School Class Size: Smaller Isnt Better. C.D. Howe Institute Commentary 15 Aug. 2005: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 7 Feb. 2017. Johnson, Laurene. Does Class Size Really Matter? District Administration Oct. 2011: 104. General OneFile. Web. 6 Feb. 2017. PAPO, WILLIAM DUNCAN. LARGE CLASS TEACHING: IS IT A PROBLEM TO STUDENTS? College Student Journal 33.3 (1999): 354. General OneFile. Web. 9 Feb. 2017. Rios, Robert J. School of Education at Johns Hopkins University-Class Size: Does It Really Matter? Does It Really Matter? N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2017. Schanzenbach, Diane W., Professor. Does Class Size Matter? National Education Policy Center. N.p., Feb. 2014. Web. 07 Feb. 2017. Table 7.Average Class Size in Public Primary Schools, Middle Schools, High Schools, and Schools with Combined Grades, by Classroom Type and State: 2011-12. Table 7.Average Class Size in Public Primary Schools, Middle Schools, High Schools, and Schools with Combined Grades, by Classroom Type and State: 2011-12. Schools and Staffing Survey, n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2017. Is Education the Best Solution to Poverty? Is Education the Best Solution to Poverty? For majority of African children, education represents the only solution of a life of rooted poverty. Across the continent, a large number of children currently survive on less than one dollar a day. Children who can read, write and do some arithmetic can hope to get better paid job in future. But school is much more than just job skills. It plays an increasingly important role helping children protect themselves against the diseases which can destroy poor communities. Simple information on day-to-day hygiene and prevention saves lives and keeps the families together. Finally,ÂÂ  school builds cohesiveness, community and confidence. Educated children are less chance to become victims of violence and abuse. They are more likely to invest in improving their community when they are grown. And the follow-on effects of even basic education quickly multiply, as children who have benefited from schooling themselves strive to secure even better opportunities for their own families. In Africa, its common for schools be shut down because of wars and political turmoil. Genocide in Darfur, civil war in Liberia, war in Cote dIvoire and economic strife in Zimbabwe have all shut down schools and disadvantaged students. Schools in many countries in Africa are plagued with corruption, cheating and violence. Schools are also short on teachers and supplies. Even though education is free, compulsory until age 15 and schools also provide a nutrition and HIV/AIDS awareness program still education is interrupted by violence in many African countries.ÂÂ  In order to improve the education systems throughout Africa, efforts have to be made to stop the violence and wars by implementing economic sanctions and arms embargos. The financial crisis had halted improvements in education for children in impoverished countries. If education budgets are not protected from the ravages of the financial crisis all the progress could be jeopardized and generations will be condemned to poverty. ÂÂ  More than $4 billion annually would be lost from education budgets in sub-Saharan Africa due to the impact of the global economic crisis which accounts to around 15% drop in resources for each primary school student. Every 3.6 seconds one person dies of starvation in Africa. Usually it is a child under the age of 5. Poverty hits children the hardest. While a severe lack of goods and services hurts every human, it is most threatening to childrens rights: survival, health and nutrition, education, participation, and protection from harm and exploitation. It creates an environment that is damaging to childrens development in every way mental, physical, emotional and spiritual.ÂÂ  More than 1 billion children are deprived of at least one of the essential goods and services they require to survive, grow and develop. They have no access to sanitation facilities and not even safe water which causes about 4000 deaths per day. Efforts should be made to provide safe water and helps displaced communities replace or find new water resources and build latrines. There should be awareness and monitoring of the issues likeÂÂ  risk of abduction, sexual violence and exploitation of children, struggle fo r shelter, education etc. and tougher laws for child exploiters. Population Explosion is another factor which compels to provide more stress on education in Africa. The underlying cause for prevailing problems such as population increase, poverty and high mortality rates is low or no education for women in Africa. There would be no development advancement unless women received education. In impoverished areas of Africa, it is still a practice to place priority on boys schooling, while girls are expected to help with housework or farming. Women who have no or little chance of receiving an education are usually forced to marry at a young age, which often leads to multiple childbirths in uncertain conditions and often end up with no knowledge of how to save themselves from the risk of infection or HIV. So ultimately it makes more difficult for mothers to give due consideration to the nutrition, health and hygiene of their babies. Family planning to control the population explosion and improvement in health systems facilities are needed in those impov erished areas. Educated Women are likely to marry late and have healthy babies. They would be more fruitful to family in financially and health wise. All these challenges emphasize the need to provide quality education which will be cost effective and will encompass all masses. Use of latest technological innovations can make this possible. Use of technologies like Distance education and language translation can provide students with education in their language and at their own pace. Making use of Unified Software engine using Software Stability Model will help in designing and building systems that are stable, scalable and long lasting. Also using these technologies the requirement for large infrastructures is largely reduced thereby reducing their cost. As imparting education using advanced technologies does not require the presence of instructor on the site, students can avail seamless education at their own convenience. This will reduce their dependency on presence of a trained facilitator. Using graphical and visual tools the quality of education received by these deprived masses can be greatly enhanced. As rapid growth in te chnological development, more and more tools and innovations can be utilized to improve quality of education distribution. To deal with the challenges faced by students in Africa we need to follow few measures to overcome them which are as follows: 1. Distance Education Distance education is a technology that aims to deliver education to students who are physically not present at the educational site. It helps students to gain access to learning material even if the educator or learning material and the learner are separated by time or distance or both. This technology is being widely used across the world by many universities and educational institutions. It provides students the freedom to study from home and study at their own convenient time. Studies prove that due to prevalent economic crisis in many countries in the African continent there is a substantial decrease in budget devoted to development of educational systems. These countries have to manage their scarce budgets to provide quality education to students. This emphasizes the need to develop educational systems that require less cost to develop and maintain but at the same time do not compromise on the quality of education. Use of technologies like Distance education which require less cost and still provide good quality of education are the key. Distance education technology will help in reaching the deprived students in Africa who either cannot attend schools due to poverty or they are living very far away from school or educational center. Schools that have substantial funds can invest in providing facilities required for distance learning like computers and internet connection. Distance education makes use of material reuse and the material can be stored for long duration so distance education does not need much infrastructure to maintain and reduce the cost of the whole educational system. Different classes of women who are otherwise deprived of any form of formal education can benefit largely from distance education facilities. Women who are housewives are required to be at home all the time can sit at home and study without causing any disturbance in their marriage and keep on taking care of their children while studying. Another group of women who are denied education because it requires face to face interaction with facilitators will greatly benefit from distance education as they can pursue education by keeping safe distance from the instructors and still access quality education. Women who are uneducated but working to provide for their family can benefit from learning at their own convenience and time. It will increase their self- esteem and also help them to enhance their career through education. This project will provide students with a website accessing which students can register and create user accounts .They can log in to these accounts and register for courses they are interested in. They can access the material that they require online and also log in to attend online classes provided on the site. The University Of South Africa (UNISA) is one such institution that provides boost to higher education. It is one of the largest institutions in the world that boasts over 120,000 registered students studying for qualifications, through the doctoral level. 2. Language Translation Languages play an important role in learning process. Many of the African countries that are multilingual are unable to access technology because of the language barrier. The language of propagation of technology is different from their native language. Hence they cannot use the services provided by these technologies. Language translation tools are tools that can be used to convert learning materials, documents and also web pages from English language into some other language of interest. If the educational and other important content available on the internet is not provided in local language then it is of no use of this information. Extensive use of any particular language in importance correspondences like government notices, tenders, and official invitations can cause ignorance about their rights among people. Language here is not only a means of communication but also has social impact. Use of language translation tools to convert learning material into native languages can remove the need for students to study a number of foreign languages. Progress of students will also be faster as the material in their native language will be easy to understand than any foreign language. Thus poor people who have very less opportunities for gaining education can make most of it. This will speed up their learning process and increase their chances of availing higher education and consequently earn better living. Uneducated population of women is one of the causes leading to population explosion in Africa. When a woman is educated she can take care of whole family and herself. Women need to be educated about day-to-day hygiene requirements and health concerns. They should be able to understand the need for proper care of babies which will help decrease infant mortality rate. Education facilities are made available to women in their native languages through use of Language Translation tools. Learning about important issues through their own mother tongue can have lasting effect on these women even if they are not very educated. This project will provide facility to translate available material in selected languages. Registered users can submit the document that they wish to get translated in any of the language available. They can then access the material in the language they are comfortable with. Among a number of organizations that provide language translation, web-lingo is one such organization based in South Africa. This organization offers both technical as well as nontechnical translation solutions to web development and software companies to translate their content into and from about 85 languages. One of their projects includes a program that runs on top of standard Microsoft Office Software. 3. Seamless Education: Seamless Education system as one that represents an integrated concept of education that stretches from early childhood through a four-year college degree .It breaks down between high school and college, academics and career/technical education and public education and the workplace. The purpose of seamless education is to prepare capable citizens, whether or not they attend school or college. So teachers align courses and create interdisciplinary projects. It is an effort to increase high school completion rates, test scores, school/college enrollment, job placements, economic conditions, family support. The key to economic development is an educated workforce. If Africans have to lead a better life they must equip their children and grandchildren with the skills needed to be educated and employed. A seamless system of education will ensure that we have an educated and prepared workforce to overcome all the challenges hindering their growth and development. Education is key to all issues. If our next generation is educated they can be employed and will work at well-paid jobs. If finance is there economic conditions, health conditions, sanitation, poverty all will certainly improve. The major challenge is to make education easily accessible to everyone in the continent. This can be very well accomplished with seamless education system. Teachers from all over world should be invited to map out which concepts should be taught and when will those be taught. The basic classes such as English language arts, mathematics, science and social studies should be must. To start with preschoolers should be encouraged. Women Education should be encouraged. Educational authorities envision a seamless education system starting with early childhood progressing through general education and training, higher and adult education. Another issue is that a large number of students enroll in fields of commerce and health science. This creates a major imbalance between arts and humanities on one hand and technology and science on the other hand. The output of graduates in fields of science and technology should increase to balance the ratio between technical and university students. It is believed that seamless education will help in improving the balance to a significant extent. Health Conditions can also improve by providing education in fields of medicine. Access to quality medicines are needed to improve health conditions. So access to get quality treatment should be in range of affordability, acceptability and physical availability. Proper training to workforce is needed to coordinate medicines management from doctor level to patient level. Unfortunately pharmacists and pharmacy support personnel are very few in Africa. Trainings are also provided but at insufficient scale. So the fundamental solution to scale up health conditions is to increase number of qualified pharmacists via higher education via seamless education system. Some of the major goals of a Seamless System can be as: Smoothing student transitions from one level of learning to the next. Closing the achievement gap between white and minority students. Balancing the ratio of technical and human science students. Strengthening relationships between families and schools. Creating a wider range of learning experiences and opportunities for students in the final two years of high school. Improving institutes readiness and success. 4. Animations and Visualizations: The challenge to provide education to students is how to educate them to have a solid impact in their learning. In layman terms, Animations, a type of optical illusion, are graphical displays that evolve overtime. ÂÂ  It could be drawing, objects, or people in various positions of additive movement. However, when played, it produces a stream of unbroken motion of images. Consisting of a series of drawings or photographs on paper, animation can be viewed with a mechanical device or flipping through hand-held sequence of images. Animations could be seen on films, video, or computers. Visualizations on other hand include static display of graphical images. Visualizations can absorb a lot of information and display in a manner so that it memorizes. ÂÂ  AnimationÂÂ  has a place in learning and instructional applications .Programs that use animations or visualizations attract student interest and offer feedback that can enhance different learning styles. Animation is a great classroom activity, allowing teachers and students to explore and develop a more creative time table in Math, Science, English and many topic areas. Being fun, creative and hands-on learning, animation encourages both teachers and students as they use simple IT practice, and is uniquely suited to all classrooms. The online centers website will be been designed to share examples, resources, ideas and approaches to animation in education. All the animation films featured will be available to students and teachers to enhance the learning process. Animation can used to provide extra help where it is needed. Content related graphics (both static and animation) and video can help improve student attitudes and motivation in certain subjects, mainly mathematics and science. Technical Feasibility of the project : All the above technologies proposed that will be used in the building of the project are available in the market. Labor requirements for the project: The project will require Senior level management including Project manager and Professional staff including Software developers and Analysts. Office staff is required to manage the centers. Physical location of the project: It will require a center where students can visit. The center must be located in Africa. Technology Requirements: Computer Hardware and Software: The project will require computer systems with latest configurations and software. A database server and networking technology to connect client and server machines is required. Also some basic systems that can be used by students to access the material and information is needed. Internet connection: High speed internet connection is required. Commercial feasibility: Funds will be acquired from Education committees that work towards development of education in Africa as well as from other developed countries that allot funds in their budgets to help educational systems in Africa. Technical Challenges: Selecting location of the education center in Africa. If no internet facility is available in remote areas, then towers will be needed for providing internet connection. Commercial Potential : The investment done in the project will help to provide quality education to students in Africa. Although there will be no tangible profit the return on our investment will be obtained by achieving development of African countries through spread of education

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Hafford furniture Essay

A Crisis at Hafford Furniture: Cloud Computing Case study MMBA 507 Student ID: 300333323 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION Hafford Furniture was a furniture manufacturer since 1970, supplying to furniture retailers, wholesalers and occasionally one-time bulk purchasers across the United States. Hafford relied on a Business Information System (BIS) to handle all the internal business processes. The BIS was seamlessly connected to a VAN-based EDI system, which served as the customer’s interface for making orders. In 2008, Hafford’s entire IT infrastructure and data storage were destroyed by a massive hurricane. Hafford was able to restore the company data with its disaster recovery plan, but not all its IT function. In March 2009, VP of IT proposed in a management meeting to adopt SaaS cloud solution to restore the IT function. Hafford could access to the same BIS without having to worry about the cost to rebuild another IT data centre. He projected that the IT staff strength could be halved, as the cloud vendor would take care of the management of the software’s platform and its infrastructure. The next day, the president of Hafford ignored the internal decision-making protocol and contracted their disaster recovery vendor, PFI Services for that same cloud service. In January 2010, Hafford was faced with appalling sales report for the year before, mostly caused by bottlenecks in the ordering system supported by PFI. Not only was the cloud capability insufficient, PFI was also filing for bankruptcy and undergoing liquidation. Hafford once again fell into a desperate situation. REVIEW OF KEY ISSUES Management issues Lack of Corporate governance The weak corporate governance in Hafford is especially notable in the fundamental change process. While there was an internal policy for creating a fundamental change in Hafford (Fig 1), Feckle, the President, had ignored it by entering into a cloud contract without consulting any of his top management, just one day after the premature proposal was shared with him. It was extremely risky to make such a significant business decision without sufficient knowledge in the service that he engaged. To make a well-informed decision, Feckle should have adhered to the corporate policy and trusted the IT professionals to evaluate and recommend a suitable vendor. Figure 1 Fundamental change policy 2. Failure to think critically during decision-making It is understood that Hafford used to adopt a VAN-based EDI-system specifically due to its security, despite it being slower and more costly. In Norris’ proposal for using cloud, he altered the company’s priority by pushing for an internet-based EDI-system, without providing solid justification. Questions like â€Å"will the internet-based EDI change the business in any way?† or â€Å"will it compromise customers’ security? † were not asked. The management seemed to have accepted this change too easily, without understanding its impacts. This concern should have been analysed more thoroughly before concluding to transit to an internet-based EDI-system. 3. Poor understanding of business needs The IT obj ective was not fully aligned with the business objectives. For example, in 2009, while the company was expecting a 30-35% increase in sales due to the efforts in a series of product improvements, the IT team was preparing a cloud proposal to the company basing only on the old IT functions. It had missed out on considering how it could support an explosive sales surge. Furthermore, Hafford was switching its VAN-based EDI to an internet-based EDI, which could potentially allow Hafford to widen its reach to attract a new group of SME customers. This could play a part in increasing their sales. However, Hafford did not foresee these changes, likely due to lack of communication between departments within Hafford. IT issues 1. Lack of thorough analysis in cloud computing The IT team failed to conduct due diligence in exploring all possible solutions that could meet its needs. While cloud offered great advantages for the company, it might have been too hasty to consider only private cloud as the final solution. In fact, public, private or hybrid cloud offered different potentials and could achieve the goal within competitive cost as well. The IT team should also have analysed each cloud model against its business needs before determining if software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), infrastructure as a service (IaaS) or a combination of services would work best. 2. Lack of on-going management While cloud is said to be flexible, it demands some level of active management to harness the most of it after implementation. The IT team should be able to react quickly to resolve problems like the order bottleneck or a data lock-in. Besides, the IT team should have been more vigilant in ensuring business continuity for the company. RECOMMENDATION The key failure observed in the case was the lack of understanding in cloud computing and the lack of communication in the company. Like any other business decisions, the management should have exercised prudence by developing clear objectives and analysing the opportunities and threats before arriving at its conclusion. In this section, a recommended methodology to approach Hafford’s IT restoral problem is presented. Step 1. To develop business objectives The most important step is to approach a business problem with a clear business objective. It will be necessary for the management to look at the restoral of the IT centre as a collaborative business problem. Communication within the organisation is crucial in aligning all the stakeholders’ goals. With effective teamwork, the IT will appreciate the business values better and be able to analyse the suitability of various options. Step 2. To compare various viable options The IT team should research on what the available solutions are, before zeroing into a particular infrastructure option. While the restoral of a physical data centre may be expensive, there may be payment structures that could help reduce the impact. On the other hand, cloud computing may appear cheaper but it inextricably exposes users to a range of risks, especially in the aspect of security. Also, there are hybrid options that can minimise risk while offering cost benefit. In short, the IT team should fully understand the merits and shortcomings of the following options before selecting the IT infrastructure. 1. Public cloud 2. Hybrid cloud 3. Private cloud 4. Public cloud – Physical data centre 5. Physical data centre Step 3. To choose the suitable cloud service model There are three common service models in cloud computing. It is important to evaluate each model’s attributes and determine which cloud model would be more suitable for the business needs. 1. Software as a service (SaaS) To understand threats and opportunities of cloud computing Cloud computing offers the following powerful advantages but also opens a gateway to a wide range of threats. 1. Elasticity – Usage-based pricing model, charging users only for the capacity used – Scalability in terms of network and speed depending on demand 2. Simplicity – Setting up and maintaining a data centre can take significant manpower. Cloud computing offers convenient and economical business solutions to clients, while taking advantage of the economy of scale by taking care of one specialised area in bulk. 3. Cost-efficiency – No capital cost required. Companies benefit from the transference of risk (of over-provisioning and under-provisioning) of investing in a private data centre. While accepting these benefits from cloud, users should also exercise due diligence by being aware of all the possible problems cloud computing brings. Some of the crucial problems are outlined as follows. 1. Business continuity There is always a risk with placing valuable business information with a single third party. As such, the best way to go about is to even out the risk by employing multiple cloud providers and devising a business continuity strategy should any of them fail. Data lock-in It would be risky for a company to be unable to easily extract their data and programmes from one cloud provider to another due to compatibility issues of the programme and data from one cloud provider. In order to mitigate this risk, SaaS developer could use standardised API so that the business can remain flexible and mobile. 3. Data security While most cloud providers invest a considerable amount of attention on managing security, users should assess the security standards adopted by the cloud provider against their requirements before engaging it. 4. Insufficient capacity Although it is said that cloud is scalable, in rare occasions, businesses may experience traffic surges beyond what their contracted cloud can offer. Hence, it is important to strategize carefully before deciding on the cloud service. Step 5. Choosing the cloud vendor After thorough analysis and establishing a clear description for the cloud service needed, the user will have to evaluate the following factors to arrive at the most suitable vendor. 1. Pricing structure While cloud vendors typically follow a pay-as-you-use pricing model, pricing structure varies. For example, Google AppEngine charges users by the cycles used while AWS charges by the hour for the number of instances the user occupied. 2. Security Users need to look at a cloud service’s physical as well as network security. This refers to the physical location the cloud provider houses its equipment and network security measures like firewall and data encryption. Also, a cloud provider should be compliant to government standards specific to your business. In the case of Hafford Furniture, it was an auditing requirement for Hafford to ensure the cloud vendor is compliant with Statement on Auditing Standard No.70. 3. Other factors A clean record does not promise anything, it would be beneficial to also look at the vendor’s track record against available benchmark systems. Also, it would be helpful to have a vendor that can provide reasonably good service. Hence, it is important to know about the extent of customer support services, the setting up process and the ser vicing response and resolution time. Step 6. Engagement of cloud vendor and getting started During cloud rollout, especially from a different sort of data management, it would be common to face various teething problems. Cloud vendor should try to achieve seamless implementation, and companies might need to prepare their staff and/or customers should it affect their routine jobs significantly. Step 7. On-going active management of the cloud service Internal IT team should be continuously vigilant towards possible threats to ensure that the cloud service adopted by the company is safe and secure. Active backups of data must not be neglected. Also, internal feedback reviews could help the IT team understand the possible difficulties faced by the users, and also stay up to date with the company’s business initiatives.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Starbucks Going Global Fast

Cataracts is known worldwide as one of the largest and most successful coffee shops. The green circle and mermaid symbol, that has become so well known, it can be seen in nearly every US city, and the company has ambitious plans to expand rapidly off-shore. Howard Schultz started the company in 1987 when he bought out his bosses and began expanding. Cataracts expansion, so far, seems to be rather successful as they have opened over 16,000 coffee shops in 44 countries and have no plans of slowing down.Although the company has experienced exponential growth and unprecedented success It Is not without Its problems. For one, there Is an Increasing level Is dissatisfaction with employees which seems to stem from Cataracts aggressive expansion. With so many employees and stores nation and worldwide employees are becoming increasingly jaded and out of sync with the original mission statement of Cataracts, which was to focus on superior customer service, and service with a smile. Workers are also complaining about being over worked and under compensated. Still bigger problems present themselves.The baby boomers, Cataracts bread and butter consumer, are slowly disappearing, giving way to the more thrifty, down-to- earth generation X, who have become increasingly weary of powerful and rich corporations and whose focus seems to have shifted from the mainstream to the local in most consumer categories. Generation Seer's are feeling out of place In expensive coffee shops and seem to prefer cheaper alternatives, or prefer to simply make their own coffee. Generation Seer's are also wearier because of some shady practices that Cataracts engages In, such as predatory real estate, which lends toSeer's already heightened alert for corporations. Cataracts also does a lot of things right. They cater new products to new markets, such as a green tea Production that was first developed for and introduced in Japan. It has since been a hit and released in the USA. They seem to grasp the fundamental concept that not all markets are the same and understand that existing products might need to be tweaked for them to succeed abroad. They have a sound business model, which lends them ownership to all stores, meaning that stores are not franchised and the corporate hand can interfere with each store as they see fit.The company is expanding rapidly, but the US market Is quickly becoming saturated. To fuel continued expansion and maintain a 20% annual growth the company must go overseas, and this presents problems all on their own, because as we know every cultures tastes and values differ, which Is a pivotal lesson of International marketing. I think that Cataracts business model is sound. As we know the goal of any Dustless Is to maximize senatorial Investment r sucks NAS done Tanat. I nee nave recorded insane sales figures and have grown from 17 coffee shops in Seattle 15 years ago to over 16,000 outlets in 44 countries.Sales have climbed an average of 20 percent annua lly since the company went public, hitting 673 million last year. They are clearly doing something right, but in my opinion the success will be short lived. Society is shifting gears and the world is changing directions from a world of tangibles to a world of services, from a world of waste to a world of saving. While Cataracts makes a quality product there are also many viable, cheaper, even better substitutes that you can make yourself, and I think that you will see the decline of sales will coincide with a decline in the population of boomers.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Poverty And Social Structure Essays - Homelessness, Housing

Poverty And Social Structure Essays - Homelessness, Housing Poverty And Social Structure Pitzak, Chris Soc. 422 Dr. Heaton May 17, 1999 POVERTY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES Although the United States is one of the richest countries in the world many of it's people sleep in the streets, dig through garbage cans to find food, and carry all that they own in this world on their backs or in shopping carts. These people are known as the homeless. Recently I had the opportunity of helping, and at the same time being educated by one of the members of this unfortunate group. I was able to experience first hand how a homeless person thinks and feels through an intimate means of communications popularly known as writing notes. Why writing notes? Because the individual that I invited into my home and fed was both deaf and mute. He was male, middle aged, and of African American decent. Needless to say it was a conversation unlike any I have ever had. In this paper, I plan to detail the observations I made during our interaction, specifically addressing how social structures form a key element in both the lives of the affluent and indigent. I met Reggie through some of my friends. He was homeless and in need of help. One night he knocked on my door and wrote on his piece of paper, may I come in? I nodded affirmatively and motioned him to have a seat on the couch. After retrieving a pad of paper and pen, we began to communicate. We began with a couple of trivial questions and then I asked if he would like something to eat. He responded by writing yes please on his pad of paper and I quickly prepared some of the food we had in our refrigerator. As he ate, I asked him about himself and how he had arrived at the position he was currently in. He said he was from Virginia and was Mormon. He had been baptized there and learned that there were a large number of Mormons in Utah, and for that reason decided to move to out here. He had a car and so he packed his few belongings and came out to live with a people who had the love of Christ and would be more accepting. He obtained a minimum wage job and even a small apartment. Things seemed to be going good. After a short period of time Reggie lost his job because he missed too many days without notifying his employer, a result of his genetic disabilities, and shortly after could not pay rent. At the time I talked with him he was living in his old beat up car, trying to find a meal. Why did Reggie find himself in this impoverish state, and why was he unable to climb out of it? I believe it is largely because of social structures, namely his networks. When individuals form networks or groups they tend to associate with those who are like them. Equity theory explains this by claiming that people are most satisfied with a relationship when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both partners. This would infer that networks would exist between those within a specific class but not across classes. By forming associations with those of equitable status, the rich form a very supportive network and the poor form a network that can sympathize with their situation at best. Networks are vital to class mobility in that they are critical in molding life chances, providing

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Age Discrimination And Unequal Treatment Social Work Essay Essays

Age Discrimination And Unequal Treatment Social Work Essay Essays Age Discrimination And Unequal Treatment Social Work Essay Essay Age Discrimination And Unequal Treatment Social Work Essay Essay As definition, age discriminationA occurs when person isA stereotyped andA discriminated because of the age. In general, it consist in a set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, and values used to warrant age based bias, favoritism, and subordination. On this footing, chronological age should non see as a parametric quantity for pigeonholing differences in life styles ( for illustration, work, survey, volunteering, caring, recuperating ) and fortunes ( for illustration, populating entirely or with others, wellness position, income group ) alternatively should be evaluated the person with the ain features. More in peculiar, age favoritism in entree to goods and services refer to a less favorably intervention without justification for a ground associating to the age, in regard to a individual to whom that ground does non use. Such less favorably intervention are really non legislatively prohibited neither under the Equality Act 2010 which chiefly refer to the age favoritism within the employment. In fact, the chief ordinances on both UK and European degree has been developed with respects to age favoritism within the employment field. In this manner is relevant Employment Equality ( Age ) Regulations which comes into force in October 2006 and was included in the subsequent Equality Act which replaces a figure of pieces of other statute law. Widen such protection beyond the working lives has become an of import intent for English Government and European community, in which researches are barely supported by the anti- age favoritism associations. Hence, it is arguable that a winning research inquiry should turn to: how and in which manner the deficiency of statute law against age favoritism in entree to goods and services penalizes, in U.K. , people over 60, sing prejudiced effects and economic sciences deductions that arise from a sort of society structured on a standardised population. It is likely just to state that in most instances, concern about age favoritism in the field of goods and services arose following on from argument about age favoritism in the field of employment. ( Age Concern et Al, 2004 ) Equality act 2010, is an English codification that prescribes equal intervention in entree to employment every bit good as private and public services, irrespective of the protected features. Age is one of the nine protected features listed by Equality act, for which are identify forbidden behaviors. However, age favoritism in the employment field could trust on national and European normative supports, despite the same favoritism outside the workplace is non presently improper. Age favoritism, unlike all other types of direct favoritism ( race favoritism, sex favoritism, etc. ) is possible to be justified on both direct and indirect favoritism on the footing of an individuated nonsubjective justification which has to be tested. Such justification is intended as a less prejudiced intervention available in a specific state of affairs. Therefore, this flexible proviso makes unclear the legal bounds of age equality and decently because of its justification in direct favoritisms it bec ame challenge define its confines. In this manner, age becomes the lone one of the protected features barely defended, and this happen particularly in the context of entree to goods and services in which any protection is provided. Despite this deficiency of protection ( and therefore deficiency of European and national statute law ) , the UK Government has knowledge that there is a important sum of grounds that older people are being treated in a prejudiced manner by those supplying goods and services . Through the research it will be demonstrated that older people s protection against favoritism will bring forth an classless state of affairs that will hold positive effects, non merely on the land of human rights, but besides on the land of national economic betterment facet. In fact, countries in which is common to happen age favoritism instances are frequently related to an unwillingness to put in readjustment which have the ultimate purpose to warrant ingestion besides by older people, and to pigeonholing. The latter one is frequently applied to avoid an equal entree to services ( fiscal services ) and an equal entree to goods in which alternatively should be encouraged consumers and subscribers to hold an active function in economic and societal life. In harmonizing with Equality Act 2010, mentioned above, the attack to this subject require to distinguish among age groups, intended as a group of people holding about the same age ( therefore, that portion the same protected featu re ) . For the present research was chosen the group of people over 60, in relation to the national statute law which refer to age 60 as a criterion retirement age. The purpose of the research is seek to understand and accordingly ban age favoritism in proviso of goods and services. Evidence of instances about such unjust favoritism are identified in different countries, as insurance, fiscal services, selling and the media, entree to public infinites, conveyances and modern engineerings. Observation of each field construction in relation to users that belong to the over 60 group and interviews to them, will bring forth indexs, which will be used for understand the weight of age favoritism in different fortunes. This indexs are non direct steps of the alteration introduced by the statute law or a direct effect of this. Alternatively they are indirect indexs of the job bing. In add-on to turn outing that such favoritism exist, it could be demonstrated that benefits such as better entree to services are indirectly proportionate to age favoritism in this Fieldss. A concrete illustration could be given by experience in disablement, intended as a prot ected feature at the same degree as age. In this manner, disablement could be frequently associated with older age. The Disability Discrimination Act ( DDA ) , prescribes that is improper for service suppliers to handle you less favorably because of your disablement, and they must do reasonable accommodations for you, such as giving you excess aid or altering the manner they provide their services. The same proviso does non be with respects to age. Therefore, a comparing with another protected feature could be used as index of a deficiency of the legal attack. Widen the same protection for people that are discriminated because they age should be arguable. In age favoritism exist common indexs of old people social-exclusion, while in other countries as computing machine and information engineering could be identified a peculiar disadvantage. Quality of lodging is a important job for older householders who frequently are non able both physically and economically to care about the house implying in this manner the decay of life premises. In fact, many older people require aid in modifying their places to enable independent life as a preventive attack to wellness. A grounds, the bing low of practical support services in advancing independency are DIY, aid after a infirmary stay, daily aid ( cleansing, meal readying ) , horticulture, transit, and befriending strategies. Even if some of this services are available there are fewer services available offering support for personal security and safety and fewer still delivered to cultural minority and religion groups. Insurance is a curious field in which age is a general standard in finding hazard of insured, with the consequence that some services are unavailable and others are prohibitively in relation to who is older than others. In fact, in booking a train ticket on-line in the UK, clients are advised to see themselves, but the insurance is merely available for people under 75 old ages old. Further, there besides appears that the most competitory insurance screen offers are those that are merely available online, and normally older people are non much confident with engineerings, particularly in utilizing on-line payment to use for an insurance. In fiscal services the age favoritism is widespread: reexamining regulators of fiscal service suppliers and their web sites is clear that the favoritism start from troubles in the entree to service. In this manner, barriers that older people face are related to knowledge spread and deficiency of acquaintance with modern-day signifiers of pull offing m oney ( on-line payment ) , disfavor in keeping a bank history or recognition card/s and a reluctance to inquire for aid ( in most of instances accounts are hard to follow because truly speedy and with the usage of new technological footings ) . In this manner, although Bankss do non overtly exclude older people from banking services in the manner that many insurance companies do, there is however a strong feeling among older clients that recognition is in fact frequently refused merely on the evidences of age. Some information services were besides concerned that in some cases, recognition was being extended to older clients, who did non hold equal agencies to refund the debt. With respects to Personal societal services, its outgo per caput on older people utilizing societal attention services has been lower than for other grownup client groups. Along with a figure of probes, this difference is taken as a possible index of age favoritism in the deployment of services. Finally, it co uld be argue that age favoritism grounds are found severally in direct and indirect favoritism: direct where age was being used as a placeholder for hazard, and people over a certain age were precluded from accessing fiscal services, entirely on the footing of their age ; indirect where the cheapest insurance offers were merely available online. The present research will follow a qualitative method, in which a realistic attack will be used to seek to understand possible discriminatory phenomena in the societal context of older people. In this manner, interviews and observations are of import instruments for apprehension, the roots of an age favoritism in entree to goods and services. Such qualitative survey will hold the intent of bring forthing apprehension , which will be hopefully used to make a legal attack that can contrast prejudiced state of affairss. To guarantee dependability in the quality of measuring, the scrutiny of trustiness of the informations collected by research worker will be a important measure. In peculiar, this attempt will be directed to understand if in connexion with some indexs, the older individual will endure a disadvantage, that will be related to a comparator in the same state of affairs, but non included in the same age group. In order to mensurate the cogency of prejudiced premises derived from indexs analysis, the usage of a comparator cold be a valuable resource. In fact, statute law already supply a definition of direct favoritism stipulating that an person Angstrom is straight discriminates if it treats another person B less favorably than it treats or would handle a comparator on evidences of B s age. The statute law do non supply the usage of comparators in indirect favoritism. However, the rule beyond the legislative dictate could be considered in order to obtain satisfactory consequences under cogency and dependability of the measuring s. The comparator s fortunes do non necessitate to be indistinguishable ( in footings of life attitudes ) , but must non be entirely dissimilar. In this manner, the two state of affairs obtained can be easy compared concentrating on different age, analyzing if such difference is efficaciously a cause of prejudiced intervention. Questions could originate in relation to how much of an age difference is needed between comparators. In this manner, the already developed statute law in the employment field aid to find the boundaries of age favoritism. In fact, frequently older people who face age favoritism are around or beyond the retirement age, which presume a lessening in incomes. This is related to a society s construction purely centred to the economic deductions, pigeonholing older people non as non adequate decisive consumers and subscribers to the economic and societal lives. For this ground the retirement age as a parametric quantity for chose the comparator seems equal. To run into the credibleness of the informations obtained, the consequences must be believable and defendable . in this manner, they could became object of opinion by the participant: a participant would acknowledge themselves in the consequence every bit shortly as it is sufficient generalizable. This grade of generalisation of the consequence will give the step of transferability. It could be enhanced depicting the age favoritism in entree to goods and services context underscoring the cardinal premises of the research, as the societal exclusion and the economic jobs that older people face. In this manner, the footings of the research are fixed in order to allow a winning transferability. However, another of import facet is measures the grade of stability of the constructs obtained. In order to gauge dependability, it should be tested whether the same consequences will be obtained if the same thing will be observed twice . The thought of dependableness, on the other manus, emphasizes the demand for the research worker to account for the ever-changing context within which research occurs. The research is responsible for depicting the alterations that occur in the scene and how these alterations affected the manner the research approached the survey. On this footing, it could be possible pull up the thought that older people are subjected to favoritism facing services and utilizing goods for which the component of age could find a different intervention. Therefore, the research could expect the sense of disadvantage and the economic effects that could originate from such different interventions in regard of other different age group s users. The chief lineation should be verify if the step of differences in entree to goods and services truly measures that prejudiced disadvantage. However, credibleness, neutrality, consistence and pertinence are indispensable standards in researching informations. For trial the cogency and dependability triangulation will be an of import measure. Triangulation is typically a scheme ( trial ) for bettering the cogency and dependability of research or rating of findings. Triangulation has risen an of import methodological issue in realistic and qualitative attacks to evaluation [ in order to ] control prejudice and set uping valid propositions because traditional scientific techniques are incompatible with this alternate epistemology . In this manner, the construct of combine methods is arguable for confirm and generalise the research. Actually, on the footing of the multiple perceptual experiences of world that will originate from interviews, triangulation will give the reading of the several informations beginnings. Prosecuting multiple methods, such as, observation, interviews and recordings will take to more valid, dependable and diverse building of worlds. In this manner, triangulation in age favoritism will affect several research workers of the informations at different clip or location, decently on the footing that the age group include different gender and different people with different backgrounds.